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Terraform

[ Terraform101 Study - 2w] VPC + 보안그룹 + EC2 배포 실습

su''@ 2024. 6. 23. 08:47
Terrafrom T101 4기 실습 스터디 게시글입니다.
"테라폼으로 시작하는 IaC" 도서를 참고하여 정리했습니다. 
목표 : default VPC 대신 직접 VPC를 만들고, 해당 VPC내에 EC2 1대를 배포

 

  • VPC 배포 : vpc.tf 
    # 신규 디렉터리 생성
mkdir my-vpc-ec2
cd my-vpc-ec2
touch vpc.tf
  • vpc.tf 파일 생성
provider "aws" {
  region  = "ap-northeast-2"
}

resource "aws_vpc" "myvpc" {
  cidr_block       = "10.10.0.0/16"

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-study"
  }
}
# 배포
terraform init && terraform plan && terraform apply -auto-approve
terraform state list
terraform state show aws_vpc.myvpc

# VPC 확인
export AWS_PAGER=""
aws ec2 describe-vpcs | jq
aws ec2 describe-vpcs --filter 'Name=isDefault,Values=false' | jq
aws ec2 describe-vpcs --filter 'Name=isDefault,Values=false' --output yaml
  • AWS 관리콘솔에서 VPC 생성 정보 확인 : DNS 옵션값 확인

 

  • vpc.tf 코드 내용 수정 : VPC DNS 옵션 수정
provider "aws" {
  region  = "ap-northeast-2"
}

resource "aws_vpc" "myvpc" {
  cidr_block       = "10.10.0.0/16"
  enable_dns_support   = true
  enable_dns_hostnames = true

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-study"
  }
}
# 배포
terraform plan && terraform apply -auto-approve
  • AWS 관리콘솔에서 VPC 생성 정보 확인 : DNS 옵션값 확인

    • vpc.tf 코드 내용 수정 : 서브넷 2개 생성 추가 

 

  • vpc.tf 코드 내용 수정 : IGW 인터넷 게이트웨이 추가
provider "aws" {
  region  = "ap-northeast-2"
}

resource "aws_vpc" "myvpc" {
  cidr_block       = "10.10.0.0/16"
  enable_dns_support   = true
  enable_dns_hostnames = true

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-study"
  }
}

resource "aws_subnet" "mysubnet1" {
  vpc_id     = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
  cidr_block = "10.10.1.0/24"

  availability_zone = "ap-northeast-2a"

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-subnet1"
  }
}

resource "aws_subnet" "mysubnet2" {
  vpc_id     = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
  cidr_block = "10.10.2.0/24"

  availability_zone = "ap-northeast-2c"

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-subnet2"
  }
}


resource "aws_internet_gateway" "myigw" {
  vpc_id = aws_vpc.myvpc.id

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-igw"
  }
}

output "aws_vpc_id" {
  value = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
}
# 배포
terraform plan && terraform apply -auto-approve
terraform state list
aws_internet_gateway.myigw
aws_subnet.mysubnet1
aws_subnet.mysubnet2
aws_vpc.myvpc

terraform state show aws_internet_gateway.myigw

  • vpc.tf 코드 내용 수정 : IGW 인터넷 게이트웨이로 전달하는 디폴트 라우팅 정보 추가
provider "aws" {
  region  = "ap-northeast-2"
}

resource "aws_vpc" "myvpc" {
  cidr_block       = "10.10.0.0/16"
  enable_dns_support   = true
  enable_dns_hostnames = true

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-study"
  }
}

resource "aws_subnet" "mysubnet1" {
  vpc_id     = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
  cidr_block = "10.10.1.0/24"

  availability_zone = "ap-northeast-2a"

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-subnet1"
  }
}

resource "aws_subnet" "mysubnet2" {
  vpc_id     = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
  cidr_block = "10.10.2.0/24"

  availability_zone = "ap-northeast-2c"

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-subnet2"
  }
}


resource "aws_internet_gateway" "myigw" {
  vpc_id = aws_vpc.myvpc.id

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-igw"
  }
}

resource "aws_route_table" "myrt" {
  vpc_id = aws_vpc.myvpc.id

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-rt"
  }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "myrtassociation1" {
  subnet_id      = aws_subnet.mysubnet1.id
  route_table_id = aws_route_table.myrt.id
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "myrtassociation2" {
  subnet_id      = aws_subnet.mysubnet2.id
  route_table_id = aws_route_table.myrt.id
}

resource "aws_route" "mydefaultroute" {
  route_table_id         = aws_route_table.myrt.id
  destination_cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
  gateway_id             = aws_internet_gateway.myigw.id
}

output "aws_vpc_id" {
  value = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
}
# 배포
terraform plan && terraform apply -auto-approve
terraform state list
aws_internet_gateway.myigw
aws_route.mydefaultroute
aws_route_table.myrt
aws_route_table_association.myrtassociation1
aws_route_table_association.myrtassociation2
aws_subnet.mysubnet1
aws_subnet.mysubnet2
aws_vpc.myvpc

terraform state show aws_route.mydefaultroute

# graph 확인 > graph.dot 파일 선택 후 오른쪽 상단 DOT 클릭
terraform graph > graph.dot

# 라우팅 테이블 확인
#aws ec2 describe-route-tables --filters 'Name=tag:Name,Values=t101-rt' --query 'RouteTables[].Associations[].SubnetId'
aws ec2 describe-route-tables --filters 'Name=tag:Name,Values=t101-rt' --output table

  • sg.tf 파일 생성 : 보안그룹 생성
touch sg.tf

resource "aws_security_group" "mysg" {
  vpc_id      = aws_vpc.myvpc.id
  name        = "T101 SG"
  description = "T101 Study SG"
}

resource "aws_security_group_rule" "mysginbound" {
  type              = "ingress"
  from_port         = 80
  to_port           = 80
  protocol          = "tcp"
  cidr_blocks       = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  security_group_id = aws_security_group.mysg.id
}

resource "aws_security_group_rule" "mysgoutbound" {
  type              = "egress"
  from_port         = 0
  to_port           = 0
  protocol          = "-1"
  cidr_blocks       = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  security_group_id = aws_security_group.mysg.id
}

output "aws_security_group_id" {
  value       = aws_security_group.mysg.id
}
  • 보안그룹 배포
# 배포
ls *.tf
terraform plan && terraform apply -auto-approve
terraform state list
aws_security_group.mysg
aws_security_group_rule.mysginbound
aws_security_group_rule.mysgoutbound
...

terraform state show aws_security_group.mysg
terraform state show aws_security_group_rule.mysginbound

terraform output -raw aws_security_group_id
aws ec2 describe-security-groups --group-ids $(terraform output -raw aws_security_group_id)

# graph 확인 > graph.dot 파일 선택 후 오른쪽 상단 DOT 클릭
terraform graph > graph.dot

 

 

  • ec2.tf 파일 생성 : EC2 생성
touch ec2.tf

data "aws_ami" "my_amazonlinux2" {
  most_recent = true
  filter {
    name   = "owner-alias"
    values = ["amazon"]
  }

  filter {
    name   = "name"
    values = ["amzn2-ami-hvm-*-x86_64-ebs"]
  }

  owners = ["amazon"]
}

resource "aws_instance" "myec2" {

  depends_on = [
    aws_internet_gateway.myigw
  ]

  ami                         = data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.id
  associate_public_ip_address = true
  instance_type               = "t2.micro"
  vpc_security_group_ids      = ["${aws_security_group.mysg.id}"]
  subnet_id                   = aws_subnet.mysubnet1.id

  user_data = <<-EOF
              #!/bin/bash
              wget https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/1.31.0-defconfig-multiarch-musl/busybox-x86_64
              mv busybox-x86_64 busybox
              chmod +x busybox
              RZAZ=$(curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone-id)
              IID=$(curl 169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
              LIP=$(curl 169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/local-ipv4)
              echo "<h1>RegionAz($RZAZ) : Instance ID($IID) : Private IP($LIP) : Web Server</h1>" > index.html
              nohup ./busybox httpd -f -p 80 &
              EOF

  user_data_replace_on_change = true

  tags = {
    Name = "t101-myec2"
  }
}

output "myec2_public_ip" {
  value       = aws_instance.myec2.public_ip
  description = "The public IP of the Instance"
}
  • 배포 실행 후 EC2 확인

 

# 
ls *.tf
terraform plan && terraform apply -auto-approve
terraform state list
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2
aws_instance.myec2
...

terraform state show data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2
terraform state show aws_instance.myec2

# 데이터소스 값 확인
terraform console
> 
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.id
"ami-01c81850a6167bb81"
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.image_id
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.name
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.owners
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.platform_details
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.hypervisor
data.aws_ami.my_amazonlinux2.architecture
exit

# graph 확인 > graph.dot 파일 선택 후 오른쪽 상단 DOT 클릭
terraform graph > graph.dot

# 출력된 EC2 퍼블릭IP로 cul 접속 확인
terraform output -raw myec2_public_ip
52.79.154.3

MYIP=$(terraform output -raw myec2_public_ip)
while true; do curl --connect-timeout 1  http://$MYIP/ ; echo "------------------------------"; date; sleep 1; done

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